The 15 Best Pre-Workout Supplements (2023 Update)

Of all of the exercise merchandise you should buy, pre-workout supplements might have the widest variety of ingredients, dosages, and potential results — which is why it may be laborious to search out the best pre-workout supplement to your particular person wants. Additionally, isn’t proper sleep, vitamin, and hydration all you want for a superb exercise? It’s undoubtedly true that these three way of life decisions can radically enhance your efficiency (in addition to temper, muscle growth, and immunity). However for many who need a bit one thing further, the suitable pre-workout complement will help improve performance.

Selecting the best pre-workout, nevertheless, is difficult. Apart from caffeine, scores of different components seem in these merchandise, together with amino acids, plant extracts, and different powders meant to improve endurance, energy output, psychological focus, fat loss, and blood flow. That’s why we’ve tried dozens of pre-workouts — from the most important manufacturers to the latest up-and-comers — to search out the best possible pre-workout dietary supplements for any coaching purpose.

The Greatest Pre-Exercise Dietary supplements

Editor’s be aware: The content material on BarBend is supposed to be informative in nature, nevertheless it shouldn’t be taken as medical recommendation. The opinions and articles on this web site aren’t meant to be used as prognosis, prevention, and/or therapy of well being issues. It’s at all times a good suggestion to speak to your physician earlier than starting a brand new health, dietary, and/or complement routine. 

Greatest Pre-Exercise Dietary supplements Video Evaluation

Although we nonetheless need you to learn our completely researched, considerate pre-workout overview, generally a video is simply easier to digest. We’ve received you lined on each. Take a look at our equally considerate and scrupulously researched video overview beneath. 

Greatest Pre-Exercise General

Relating to discovering the perfect pre-workout, we worth research-backed components in clearly disclosed dosages — Enormous Dietary supplements Wrecked Pre-Exercise checks all of these packing containers for us. 

Enormous Dietary supplements Pre-Exercise

Wrecked Pre-Exercise has all of the makings of a superb pre-workout. This product is without doubt one of the strongest pre-workouts in the marketplace and has over 17 clinically dosed components. The caffeine content material is kind of excessive with 250mg of caffeine anhydrous and 100mg of di-caffeine malate, totaling 350mg of caffeine. The dose of beta-alanine being 3,500mg can also be correctly dosed. 

Enormous Dietary supplements Wrecked

This product packs 17 components at excessive doses, together with 8,000mg of citrulline, 3,500mg of beta alanine, 250mg of caffeine, and three,000mg of betaine anhydrous. Plus, you’ll discover 1,500mg of tyrosine and 197mg of Himalayan pink sea salt, as properly.

On high of the stimulants, Wrecked comes chock filled with components which might be designed to assist along with your pump, akin to betaine anhydrous and l-citrulline. It is available in 4 totally different flavors — Raspberry Mojito, Bomb Popsicle, Rainbow Burst, and Peach Rings, and is priced round $2.50 per serving, which is a bit excessive, however could also be value it for the components and doses. 

Who Ought to Purchase Enormous Dietary supplements Wrecked Pre-Exercise

• Athletes who desire a robust pre-workout will just like the excessive doses right here (for instance, you’ll discover 350mg of caffeine and eight,000mg of l-citrulline per serving).
• Those that are on the lookout for a well-rounded pre-workout to probably assist in all areas of your exercise, from pump to focus to vitality.
• People preferring to take a pre-workout in powder kind, moderately than capsule kind.
• Individuals who like taste choices. Wrecked is available in 4 flavors — Raspberry Mojito, Bomb Popsicle, Peach Rings, and Rainbow Burst. 

Who Shouldn’t Purchase Enormous Dietary supplements Wrecked Pre-Exercise

• Athletes who desire a pre-workout that also includes creatine, in order that they don’t need to take it individually.
• Somebody who’s on the lookout for a caffeine-free pre-workout, or somebody who’s delicate to excessive doses of caffeine.
• Anybody who doesn’t like a big pre-workout scoop. The serving dimension is 30.2g, which is roughly the dimensions of a scoop of protein powder.

Moderately priced and loaded with clinically dosed components, Wrecked Pre-Exercise has the whole lot that we search for in a pre-workout complement. Although the inside track dimension is considerably giant, we predict it’s value it to get the correct quantity of every ingredient to be maximally efficient.

Learn our full overview of Huge Supplements Wrecked.

Greatest Pre-Exercise for Muscle Acquire

Some pre-workouts include a bunch of stimulants and that’s it. These are nice for vitality, however merchandise like this one pack in different useful components which might be good for muscle achieve — like beetroot and BCAAs — as properly.

Swolverine PRE Pre-Exercise

Swolverine got down to make a pre-workout complement that’s produced from all-natural components and nonetheless packs an enormous punch. Relating to efficiency, it’s designed to can help you practice more durable and longer. The citrulline malate at 5g and beta-alanine at 3.2g are each dosed greater than many different opponents. Beta-alanine will help enhance time to exhaustion, probably permitting you to blast by way of extra units and reps, obtain greater PRs, and in the end construct extra muscle.

Swolverine PRE Pre-Exercise

Swolverine PRE Pre-Exercise might lack stimulants, nevertheless it makes up for that with a terrific mix of high-dosed components to assist enhance blood stream, restoration, and endurance. The citrulline malate and betaine anhydrous can provide the edge it’s good to conquer your subsequent health club session.

The blood stream and pump you possibly can probably get from PRE is top-tier too, due to the beneficiant portion of two.5g of betaine anhydrous (which is derived from beetroot and will help open up the veins for higher blood stream). One notable factor about this pre-workout is that it doesn’t include any caffeine or stimulants — simply components that will help you energy by way of your units by sheer power alone.

Who Ought to Purchase Swolverine PRE Pre-Exercise

• Anybody on the lookout for a stimulant-free pre-workout that also packs a punch within the power and endurance division.
• Athletes who need to know precisely what’s of their dietary supplements will like that the label right here is evident and simple to learn.
• Lifters who need that tingly sensation from a big dose of beta-alanine, and the endurance increase related to it.

Who Shouldn’t Purchase Swolverine PRE Pre-Exercise

• Anybody who doesn’t like the flavour of Mango Lemonade since that’s the solely taste this product is available in.
• Somebody who prefers their pre-workout to have caffeine or different stimulants — that is stim-free.
• Somebody on a funds for the reason that worth per serving right here is about $2.20.

In case you are seeking to pack on muscle, you’ll have to push it laborious within the health club, and this pre-workout is designed that will help you with that. It could solely are available in one universally tasty taste, however the ingredient listing is properly thought out, and all of the dosages are proper on the cash.

Strongest Pre-Exercise

This choose’s components keep true to its title — Wrecked is potently dosed, offering one of many strongest doses of citrulline on this listing. 

Enormous Dietary supplements Wrecked

Enormous Dietary supplements Wrecked packs 17 components at excessive doses. There’s 8,000mg of citrulline malate, 3,500mg of beta-alanine, 350mg of caffeine, and three,000mg of betaine anhydrous — all of that are a lot greater doses than the typical you’ll discover in the marketplace.

Enormous Dietary supplements Wrecked

This product packs 17 components at excessive doses, together with 8,000mg of citrulline, 3,500mg of beta alanine, 250mg of caffeine, and three,000mg of betaine anhydrous. Plus, you’ll discover 1,500mg of tyrosine and 197mg of Himalayan pink sea salt, as properly.

As well as, you’ll discover 1,500mg of tyrosine which will assist with focus and 100mg of Himalayan pink sea salt that may assist with hydration. Every serving doses 30.2 grams of those components at 25 servings per container. Nevertheless, the positioning doesn’t do a terrific job at explaining a few of their components’ makes use of and some of the components aren’t tremendous frequent in pre-workouts (like theobromine, which will be useful for cardiac well being and isopropylnorsynephrine, which will help with fats burn).

For those who’re a newbie who is anxious about figuring out the “why” behind every ingredient and its dose, this choose might depart one thing to be desired for you. Enormous Dietary supplements has clearly positioned this pre-workout for critical lifters and health fans. You’ve got the selection between Raspberry Mojito, Bomb Popsicle, Rainbow Burst, and Peach Rings flavors.

Who Ought to Purchase Enormous Dietary supplements Wrecked

• People on the lookout for a potent dose of typical pre-workout ingredients will just like the numbers on this label. 
• Athletes preferring a pre-workout with caffeine. This product incorporates 350mg. 
• Individuals who respect a strong components listing will like that there are 17 totally different pre-workout components right here. 

Who Shouldn’t Purchase Enormous Dietary supplements Wrecked

• Anybody who desires all of their pre-workout components defined to them on the label or web site — this product incorporates some much less frequent pre-workout components that they don’t clarify in depth on their web site. 
• Prospects who desire a stim-free components will need to look elsewhere as this pre has 350mg of caffeine.
• Those that might want extra sturdy taste decisions than the 4 offered right here.

For a robust pre-workout with excessive doses of components like citrulline, beta-alanine, and caffeine, Wrecked is undoubtedly the way in which to go. 

Need the complete scoop on pre-workouts? See our complete guide to pre-workout supplements here. 

Greatest Pre-Exercise for Males

Though many males might complement with a pre-workout to assist increase vitality, keep focus, and probably build more muscle and strength, they could additionally desire a pre-workout that fills nutritional gaps and helps them the place they could be most poor. After testing this product ourselves, we predict Kaged Pre-Kaged Elite is the perfect pre-workout for males in the marketplace proper now, checking extra packing containers than we knew we wanted.

Kaged Pre-Kaged Elite Pre-Exercise

Pre-Kaged Elite incorporates 10,000mg of citrulline, 3,200mg of beta-alanine, 3,000mg of creatine monohydrate, 2,000mg of creatine nitrate, and 1,000mcg of vitamin B12. This final ingredient is further helpful for males as one research means that males are extra vulnerable than ladies with regards to B12 deficiencies (1). This pre-workout incorporates 388mg of caffeine, which is equal to over 4 cups of espresso. 

Kaged Pre-Kaged Elite

Pre-Kaged® Elite offers 9 patented components with 35 milligrams of vitamin B6 and 1,000 micrograms of vitamin B12 in a single 36-gram scoop. Every serving is 25 energy and consists of caffeine, taurine, l-citrulline, beta-alanine, l-tyrosine, and two sorts of creatine.

This pre-workout is out there in Strawberry Lemonade, Glacier Grape, and Fruit Punch taste choices — all of that are fairly tasty. At round $3.00 per serving, that is an costly pre-workout, nevertheless it has a really sturdy and highly-dosed ingredient listing. Not solely is that this product a pre-workout, nevertheless it’s primarily a creatine and vitamin B12 complement as properly. So once you think about the associated fee financial savings for different dietary supplements you don’t have to purchase, it is a fairly strong deal. And in the event you’re seeking to save a bit further, you possibly can at all times subscribe and save to decrease the worth tag too. 

Who Ought to Purchase Kaged Pre-Kaged Elite Pre-Exercise

• Males who need to optimize their B12 supplementation to make sure they aren’t poor will like that this complement has 41,667 % of your RDI for B12. 
• Individuals who get pleasure from a extremely caffeinated pre-workout as this one has over 4 cups of espresso’s value of caffeine per serving.
• Those that desire a sturdy and highly-dosed ingredient listing with loads of dosages for focus and pump ought to look no additional than this complement. 

Who Shouldn’t Purchase Kaged Pre-Kaged Elite Pre-Exercise

• If you need a pre-workout that’s caffeine-free, you’ll need to look elsewhere. This pre is designed to get you wired. 
• Those that are on a funds as that is an costly pre-workout at round $3.00 per serving. However have in mind you received’t want to purchase these creatine or B12 dietary supplements anymore as this pre-workout comes loaded with these.
• Anybody on the lookout for an unflavored choice or a extra numerous taste choice.

For those who’re on the lookout for a pre-workout which will assist you delay your time within the health club and gasoline your muscle recovery, this choose has two sorts of creatine, beta-alanine, citrulline, and a whopping 41,667 % of your day by day vitamin B12 must probably assist you keep away from B12 deficiencies (which disproportionately have an effect on males). 

Learn our full overview of Kaged Pre-Kaged Elite Pre-Workout.

Greatest Pre-Exercise for Pumps

Getting a “pump” in your exercise means you’re increasing blood flow to a muscle. For some, it won’t simply be an aesthetic profit — it might additionally help with hypertrophy and muscle soreness on account of elevated blood stream. This particular pre-workout will help facilitate pumps by probably rising blood stream to your muscle tissue. 

Enormous Dietary supplements Wrecked

Arnold Schwarzenegger mentioned that the most effective emotions on this planet is the pump, and we are inclined to agree. Some gymgoers, particularly those that are considering bodybuilding or maximizing muscle dimension, search for pre-workouts that present a skin-splitting pump. In actuality, pumps are simply brought on by numerous blood going to a sure muscle or muscle group as a result of it’s working actually laborious, however there are some dietary supplements that may assist to extend these results. 

Enormous Dietary supplements Wrecked

This product packs 17 components at excessive doses, together with 8,000mg of citrulline, 3,500mg of beta alanine, 250mg of caffeine, and three,000mg of betaine anhydrous. Plus, you’ll discover 1,500mg of tyrosine and 197mg of Himalayan pink sea salt, as properly.

Wrecked by Enormous Dietary supplements has all the suitable components in the suitable doses that may assist get your blood flowing and blood vessels open (like l-citrulline at 8,000mg, betaine anhydrous at 3,000mg, and beta-alanine at 3,500mg). It additionally has a hearty 350mg of whole caffeine for a possible increase in vitality to rep out these units once you’re chasing the pump.

Who Ought to Purchase Enormous Dietary supplements Wrecked

• Athletes who need to prioritize blood stream to a particular muscle throughout their exercise will respect the l-citrulline on this complement.
• Individuals who prefer to look pumped. Bodybuilders, for instance, might need to look more full and pumped earlier than stepping on stage. 
• Cardio junkies — the l-citrulline on this product may facilitate muscular endurance, and beta-alanine has been related to higher lactic acid buffering.

Who Shouldn’t Purchase Enormous Dietary supplements Wrecked

• Somebody who desires one thing with out caffeine — this has 350mg per serving. 
• Anybody who might want creatine of their pre-workout components.
• Somebody who doesn’t like taking a big scoop of pre-workout since that is 30.2g per serving.

With a big dose of l-citrulline and different components which will assist provide you with a terrific pump, Enormous Dietary supplements Wrecked is the suitable alternative in the event you’re seeking to enhance blood stream. Give this a attempt throughout your subsequent session, and also you simply won’t be capable to contact your head from the arm and shoulder pump.

Greatest All-Pure Pre-Exercise

For those who’re selecting to make the most of a pre-workout to spice up your vitality, focus, and pumps, however you need to keep away from synthetic colours, preservatives, and flavors, Swolverine PRE may simply be the pre-workout for you. 

Swolverine PRE Pre-Exercise

Whereas artificial sweeteners aren’t technically dangerous for you, there are lots of individuals who select to keep away from them. This components has lower than one gram of sugar per serving and no added sugars. It’s additionally non-GMO, gluten-free, totally vegan, and all-natural in its formulation. So if synthetic components aren’t your factor, you possibly can relaxation straightforward. This can be a non-stim pre-workout as properly, which implies it incorporates no caffeine or stimulants, which will be helpful for individuals who work out late at night time or watch their caffeine consumption intently.

Swolverine PRE Pre-Exercise

Swolverine PRE Pre-Exercise might lack stimulants, nevertheless it makes up for that with a terrific mix of high-dosed components to assist enhance blood stream, restoration, and endurance. The citrulline malate and betaine anhydrous can provide the edge it’s good to conquer your subsequent health club session.

Swolverine PRE Pre-Exercise is available in a Mango Lemonade taste and incorporates pure components like 1,000mg of coconut water and 500mg of pomegranate (which might present antioxidants and nitrates). It additionally consists of pre-workout staples, akin to 5,000mg of citrulline malate, 3,200mg of beta-alanine, and a pair of,500mg of betaine. This all-natural components will value you a bit over $2.00 per serving, which is in the midst of the pack with regards to high-quality pre-workout dietary supplements.

Who Ought to Purchase Swolverine PRE Pre-Exercise

• Individuals who need an all-natural complement that doesn’t include any synthetic colours, preservatives, or components will like this pre-workout.
• Those that get pleasure from a low-sugar pre-workout will probably be completely satisfied that this has lower than one gram of sugar and no added sugars.
• Athletes who keep away from caffeine will get pleasure from that it is a stimulant-free pre-workout. 

Who Shouldn’t Purchase Swolverine PRE Pre-Exercise

• People who’re on a decent funds ought to be conscious of the $2.00 per serving. It’s about common for a high quality pre-workout, however you possibly can deal again the standard and lower your expenses with different merchandise.
• Most pre-workouts don’t include it, however in the event you’re wanting a pre-workout complement that features creatine, you’ll need to look elsewhere.
• Those that need extra taste selection or an unflavored choice.

Swolverine PRE Pre-Exercise is an all-natural, stim-free, vegan pre-workout that boasts probably helpful components, like citrulline, beta-alanine, and betaine, with not one of the synthetic stuff it’s possible you’ll be seeking to keep away from. It’s properly formulated in its ingredient listing and dosages, and is actually a top-quality product.

Greatest Pre-Exercise for Weight Loss

The important thing to weight reduction is consuming fewer calories than you burn, however is there a pre-workout that may supply a bit further assist? We predict Clear Labs steps as much as the plate large time with this distinctive pre-workout components.

Disclaimer: Please be aware that none of those merchandise describe themselves as weight reduction dietary supplements and shouldn’t be taken as such. Please seek the advice of with a medical skilled earlier than starting any weight reduction protocol.

Clear Labs LEAN 

Clear Labs LEAN has quite a lot of components that you just’ll additionally find in fat burners. An enormous one is synephrine, which a few research discovered might increase the number of calories burned in a given day — an impact which may be enhanced by the hordenine that’s additionally current on this product. A number of the components may help thyroid well being.

Clear Labs LEAN for Weight Loss

Third-party examined and clearly dosed, Clear Labs LEAN has an enormous number of components for endurance, energy, alertness, and focus. 

Plus, it’s well-dosed with many different mainstay pre-workout components, like citrulline, beta-alanine, and theanine, the latter of which will help cut back the potential jitters from the caffeine.

Who Ought to Purchase Clear Labs LEAN

• Those that wish to probably burn more calories from their pre-workout alone will respect that LEAN has components to assist them achieve this.
• Individuals who keep away from synthetic components — this product is freed from synthetic sweeteners and colours, like almost all of Clear Labs’ merchandise.
• People who need a number of flavors to select from — this product is available in Peach, Blue Raspberry, Inexperienced Apple, Orange, Cherry Limeade, Bitter Grape, Strawberry Lemonade, Tropical Punch and Watermelon flavors.

Who Shouldn’t Purchase Clear Labs LEAN

• For individuals who choose large hits of caffeine; 180mg is a bit over what you get in a small espresso and is lower than many different pre-workouts in the marketplace.
• Folks on the lookout for the results of a devoted fats burner. LEAN is a strong product, however do not forget that it’s a pre-workout with fat-burning components, not the opposite manner round.

Whereas it’s a bit low in BCAAs, Clear Labs LEAN is a stand-out pre-workout that’s all-natural and may increase thermogenesis (aka the variety of energy you’re burning) whilst you get your pump on within the health club.

Learn our full overview of Transparent Labs LEAN.

Greatest Tasting Pre-Exercise

Discovering a pre-workout which you could stay up for ingesting would be the ticket to getting you amped up to your robust exercises. Pre-Kaged Pre-Exercise is available in seven scrumptious flavors which might be all naturally flavored, include one gram of sugar, and haven’t any synthetic colours. 

Kaged Pre-Kaged Pre-Exercise

Very like your meals and train program, discovering a pre-workout that’s fulfilling makes all of the distinction with regards to making a routine and including a complement to your day by day routine. Style is a significant component with regards to enjoyability. If it doesn’t style good, you received’t take it – assured. Fortunately, Kaged has seven scrumptious choices for his or her Pre-Kaged Pre-Exercise. With the selection between Orange Krush, Berry Blast, Pink Lemonade, Fruit Punch, Krisp Apple, Cherry Bomb, and Grape, the one factor you’ll have hassle deciding is which taste will probably be greatest for you. 

Kaged Pre-Kaged Pre-Exercise

This pre-workout complement is available in a 20-serving tub and offers L-Citrulline, L-Leucine, and L-Valine, to call a number of, per 20-calorie scoop. There are seven flavors accessible together with Grape, Fruit Punch, and Krisp Apple.

Kaged Pre-Kaged incorporates a strong and well-dosed ingredient listing together with 3,500mg of BCAAs, 6,500mg of citrulline, properly over your RDI for nutritional vitamins B3, B6, and B12, 1,500mg of creatine, and a proprietary mix of Spectra™ Whole Orac, which is a mixture of numerous superfoods. Though there is just one gram of sugar, that doesn’t detract from the deliciousness of every particular person taste. All seven flavors include no synthetic flavors or colours, which helps mitigate faux tasting pre-workout or a gross aftertaste with some pre-workouts. This pre- will value you round $2.25 per serving, making it a bit dearer than many pre-workouts in the marketplace, however we predict the ingredient listing, dosages, and scrumptious all-natural flavors make that price ticket value your whereas.

Who Ought to Purchase Kaged Pre-Kaged Pre-Exercise

• Anybody who desires a pre-workout that’s free from synthetic colours and flavors as you received’t discover these right here.
• People who need seven scrumptious flavors to decide on between. This pre-workout is out there in Orange Krush, Berry Blast, Pink Lemonade, Fruit Punch, Krisp Apple, Cherry Bomb, and Grape flavors.
• Individuals who desire a sturdy and high-dosed ingredient listing will benefit from the numerous, efficient, and highly-dosed components discovered right here, together with citrulline, BCAAs, B nutritional vitamins, and a proprietary mix of superfoods.

Who Shouldn’t Purchase Kaged Pre-Kaged Pre-Exercise

• Anybody who desires an unflavored pre-workout must look elsewhere. 
• People on a funds. This components prices round $2.25 per serving, making it a spendier pre-workout than some others.
• Anybody who likes to take creatine individually will desire a totally different pre-workout as this has 1,500mg of creatine.

This pre-workout is totally loaded, provides excessive doses, and most significantly, is kind of tasty. Pre-Kaged is available in Orange Krush, Berry Blast, Pink Lemonade, Fruit Punch, Krisp Apple, Cherry Bomb, and Grape flavors, has one gram of sugar per serving, and nonetheless tastes objectively scrumptious.

Learn our full overview of Kaged Pre-Kaged Pre-Workout.

Greatest Pre-Exercise With out Caffeine

You don’t must be bouncing off the partitions to have an efficient exercise. Loads of gymgoers choose a pre-workout freed from caffeine and different stimulants which will trigger undesirable jitters and a subsequent crash.

Swolverine PRE Pre-Exercise

The formulation on this pre-workout combines high-quality sports activities efficiency components and antioxidant-rich superfoods to make a terrific product that may assist you smash exercises with none stimulants or crash. Combining citrulline malate, beta-alanine, carnitine, pomegranate, betaine, and ginseng will help to optimize your efficiency and enhance restoration.

Swolverine PRE Pre-Exercise

Swolverine PRE Pre-Exercise might lack stimulants, nevertheless it makes up for that with a terrific mix of high-dosed components to assist enhance blood stream, restoration, and endurance. The citrulline malate and betaine anhydrous can provide the edge it’s good to conquer your subsequent health club session.

For those who’re seeking to kick your exercises as much as the subsequent degree, however don’t need the caffeine jitters, Swolverine PRE is the place you must look. It’s produced from all-natural vegan components, and the Mango Lemonade taste is sweetened with stevia to style nice too.

Who Ought to Purchase Swolverine PRE Pre-Exercise

• Anybody who doesn’t need caffeine or different stimulants of their pre-workout ought to actually respect this stim-free components. 
• Somebody who desires all-natural components — particularly vegan components. 
• This product’s label is nice for many who like clear dosing — you understand precisely how a lot of every ingredient you’re ingesting.
• Individuals who work out later within the day or night, as this stim-free mix received’t preserve you up all night time.

Who Shouldn’t Purchase Swolverine PRE Pre-Exercise

• For those who don’t just like the style of stevia or have hassle digesting it, you’ll need to keep away from this one. 
• Anybody who desires a stimulant-heavy pre-workout ought to go for one other product on the listing as that is stim-free.

Stimulants aren’t the one sport on the town for focusing on higher and extra intense exercises. This components has the suitable mix of components that may assist you get an superior exercise with out inflicting undesirable caffeine jitters.

Greatest Pre-Exercise for Working

In comparison with lifting, running requires endurance and stamina. For these causes, you desire a pre-workout that prioritizes components that stimulate long-term vitality, focus, and efficiency. 

Clear Labs LEAN

Runners chasing more miles and improved focus will prize Clear Labs’ science-backed ingredient listing. This components notably consists of Infinergy™, which is a sustained-release caffeine — this implies the vitality you possibly can obtain from a dose of caffeine ought to last more, making it preferrred for distance working.

Clear Labs LEAN for Working

Third-party examined and clearly dosed, Clear Labs LEAN has an enormous number of components for endurance, energy, alertness, and focus. 

There’s additionally theanine, which when mixed with caffeine, will help you stay targeted throughout these lengthy runs. Plus, you’ll discover different typical pre-workout components, like citrulline, beta-alanine, and betaine. This mix is available in 9 flavors, which is a reasonably strong selection.

Who Ought to Purchase Clear Labs LEAN

• Runners who need to improve their endurance capabilities and psychological focus. 
• People who like components which will assist them “focus” throughout laborious runs, as this incorporates theanine and caffeine. 
• Individuals who like merchandise backed by analysis. Clear Labs explains all of its components on its web site. 

Who Shouldn’t Purchase Clear Labs LEAN

• Individuals who don’t love the “tingly” feeling from quite a lot of beta-alanine. This incorporates 2,000mg of it.
• Runners or lifters who don’t need caffeine. There are stim-free formulation accessible to you. 

Clear Labs’ thoughtfully designed mix promotes the endurance and vitality that runners — each veterans and newbies alike — will respect. 

Greatest Pre-Exercise With Creatine 

For those who’re somebody who likes to complement with creatine, however you don’t love the thought of taking tons of various dietary supplements, you’ll love that Kaged Pre-Kaged Elite Pre-Exercise incorporates two sorts of creatine that equate to five,000mg of creatine in whole. 

Kaged Pre-Kaged Elite Pre-Exercise

Creatine is a standard staple for a lot of gymgoers who need to get stronger and larger. Whereas many sorts of creatine exist, Kaged Pre-Kaged Elite Pre-Exercise incorporates two various kinds of creatine — monohydrate and nitrate — that equate to five,000mg of creatine in whole. Creatine monohydrate is essentially the most well-researched and extensively accessible kind of creatine in the marketplace, however when paired with creatine nitrate, it might be a superior solution to improve the bioavailability of creatine within the blood and skeletal muscle for the physique to make the most of. (2)

Kaged Pre-Kaged Elite

Pre-Kaged® Elite offers 9 patented components with 35 milligrams of vitamin B6 and 1,000 micrograms of vitamin B12 in a single 36-gram scoop. Every serving is 25 energy and consists of caffeine, taurine, l-citrulline, beta-alanine, l-tyrosine, and two sorts of creatine.

This complement incorporates 3,000mg of creatine monohydrate and a pair of,000mg of creatine nitrate for a whopping whole of 5,000mg of creatine per serving. It additionally incorporates some main pre-workout gamers, like 10,000mg of citrulline, 3,200mg of beta-alanine, and a pair of,500mg of betaine. Pre-Kaged Elite is out there in three flavors: Strawberry Lemonade, Glacier Grape, and Fruit Punch, and it’s on the dearer aspect, costing you round $3.00 per serving. As a result of this product doubles as a pre-workout and creatine complement, we predict it’s definitely worth the greater price ticket in the event you’re aiming to take fewer dietary supplements individually. 

Who Ought to Purchase Kaged Pre-Kaged Elite Pre-Exercise

• Those that need the potential benefits of creatine monohydrate paired with creatine nitrate (for a complete of 5,000mg of creatine), which can create a extra bioavailable type of creatine to your physique to make use of. 
• Somebody who desires a pre-workout and a creatine complement in a single. This product doesn’t fall brief on the pre-workout staples like betaine, beta-alanine, and citrulline, whereas additionally together with creatine in its lineup.
• Anybody who’s seeking to drink a scrumptious pre-workout will like that this product is out there in Strawberry Lemonade, Glacier Grape, and Fruit Punch flavors.

Who Shouldn’t Purchase Kaged Pre-Kaged Elite Pre-Exercise

• Individuals who need to complement their creatine and pre-workout individually. 
• Those that need an unflavored choice for his or her pre-workout must look exterior of this complement.
• These on a funds can discover a cheaper various; it simply might not be as sturdy.

If your current supplement stack might use an overhaul, it’s possible you’ll need to add a pre-workout and creatine combo that permits you to take one much less complement per day. This pre-workout from Kaged offers pre-workout staples, like citrulline and betaine, whereas additionally together with two sorts of creatine that equal 5,000mg altogether. 

Greatest Pre-Exercise for Newbies

Being a novice within the health club can really feel intimidating, however with the suitable steerage and supplementation, it might be a bit much less daunting. This pre-workout is designed with a number of the most necessary primary necessities for pre-workouts whereas supplying you with some extras for focus and endurance.

Xwerks Ignite

This components consists of calcium and magnesium lactate, which can help in enhancing muscular endurance — this may very well be fairly useful for learners who won’t have their endurance constructed up but. (3) There’s additionally DMAE (dimethylethanolamine), included to probably enhance brain health and temper. Moreover, Ignite throws in a good 150mg dose of caffeine that may assist stimulate efficiency and supply some vitality for once you want a bit further increase. You’ll additionally discover 20mg of vitamin B6 and three,000mg of B12 that might additional enhance vitality ranges.

Xwerks Ignite

This pre-workout consists of calcium and magnesium lactate, which have been proven to bolster endurance. Plus, it incorporates nutritional vitamins B6 and B12 which will assist keep wholesome vitality ranges.

Ignite is available in 4 flavors — Inexperienced Apple, Orange, Blue Raspberry, and Watermelon — all of that are tasty choices. You’ll discover a handful of further components like l-citrulline malate (3,000mg) and beta-alanine (1,500mg), which can assist with blood stream and lactic acid buffering, respectively. You’ll additionally see 35mg of magnesium, and 500mg of the herb Rhodiola Rosea, which can have some neuroprotective qualities. Although it’s dearer than another pre-workouts at about $49.00 per container ($1.63 per serving), Ignite offers quite a lot of bang to your buck.

Who Ought to Purchase Xwerks Ignite

• New pre-workout customers who don’t need too many components of their pre-workout, however need some tried and true pre- components, like caffeine, beta-alanine, and citrulline, which can enhance their efficiency and restoration within the health club.
• Individuals who desire a caffeinated pre-workout, but additionally an choice that’s not tremendous stimulant-heavy will like Ignite.
• Newer lifters who might not have the endurance for longer classes and high-rep units will respect the addition of components to advertise lactic acid buffering.

Who Shouldn’t Purchase Xwerks Ignite

• People who desire a stronger components listing or a extra stimulant-heavy pre-workout might need to take a look at different choices.
• Somebody who doesn’t just like the “tingly” feeling it’s possible you’ll get in your extremities from beta-alanine. There are alternatives with a decrease quantity of the ingredient on this listing. 
• Those that are considering a pre-workout with creatine or added BCAAs in it should need to take a look at different picks on this listing.

Xwerks Ignite incorporates tried and true pre-workout components, like citrulline malate, beta-alanine, and caffeine, with out overdoing the opposite components and overwhelming the consumer. This is usually a useful complement to take once you’re just starting out on your fitness journey and try to configure which components will greatest help your exercises.

Greatest Vegan Pre-Exercise 

For those who’re following a vegan diet, it may be harder to discover a pre-workout that caters to your dietary restrictions. Plant-based eaters can relaxation assured that there are pre-workout supps in the marketplace freed from any and all animal-based merchandise — this choose is without doubt one of the greatest. 

Clear Labs BULK

It’s frequent to see animal merchandise in pre-workouts, akin to gelatin (used for consistency), lanolin, which is usually present in vitamin D3, and bee pollen (often touted as a “superfood”). Clear Labs BULK incorporates none of those components and as an alternative depends on calcium silicate as an anti-caking agent.

Clear Labs BULK for Vegans

Clear Labs BULK offers numerous beta-alanine for improved endurance, in addition to a slew of components to assist in focus — two key traits for lifters and endurance athletes alike. Plus, it has citrulline, which will help with nitric oxide manufacturing.

Apart from that change, BULK is an ordinary pre-workout with a research-backed, full-bodied ingredient listing that may assist hone focus, bolster endurance, and supply long-lasting vitality sans the crash and jitters. Nevertheless, this product is a bit pricier than some others it’s possible you’ll discover on this listing. 

Who Ought to Purchase Clear Labs BULK

• Vegans who desire a pre-workout that’s utterly freed from animal merchandise.
• Anybody who appreciates clear dosing and confirmed components.
• People preferring fruity flavors will like that this pre is out there in eight fruit flavors.

Who Shouldn’t Purchase Clear Labs BULK

• People who don’t need to be restricted by vegan-only merchandise — there are lots of pre-workouts that aren’t vegan-friendly.
• Individuals who need creatine in a pre-workout as this product doesn’t include creatine. 
• Those that are watching their pockets might discover this pre-workout is a bit spendy in comparison with different merchandise on this listing. 

You don’t have to forgo pre-workouts in the event you’re a vegan, you simply have to know what manufacturers ditch animal merchandise of their formulation, and Clear Labs BULK is considered one of our high picks. 

Learn our full overview of Transparent Labs BULK.

Greatest Thermogenic Pre-Exercise

So that you’re in a fat loss phase, and also you need the whole lot you eat to help that purpose? You actually simply must be consuming the suitable variety of energy and macros, however in the event you’re interested by thermogenic components, like acetyl l-carnitine HCI, take into account the next. 

Clear Labs LEAN

Clear Labs LEAN is an ordinary pre-workout components, providing caffeine, beta-alanine, and citrulline malate, which will help preserve you targeted, improve your efficiency, and increase blood stream. Along with the tried-and-true components that may assist facilitate focus, vitality, and pumps, Clear Labs LEAN incorporates acetyl l-carnitine HCI, an ingredient that may assist transport fatty acids out of the mitochondria to boost the fat-burning course of (4).

Clear Labs LEAN for Thermogenics

Third-party examined and clearly dosed, Clear Labs LEAN has an enormous number of components for endurance, energy, alertness, and focus. 

There’s additionally a dose of black pepper extract, which can bolster the absorption of those components for improved efficacy. On high of that, this is available in eight tasty flavors together with Blue Raspberry, Bitter Grape, and Strawberry Lemonade. At $1.66 per serving, this pre-workout is usually a cost-effective addition to your lineup in the event you’re seeking to attain your fats loss objectives.

Who Ought to Purchase Clear Labs LEAN

• Lifters and/or athletes in a fats loss part who might want further help shedding physique fats will respect the acetyl l-carnitine HCI right here. 
• People on the lookout for quite a lot of scrumptious flavors. We actually loved the Bitter Peach and Grape flavors. 
• Individuals who desire a average quantity of caffeine. This choose clocks in at 180mg per serving. 

Who Shouldn’t Purchase Clear Labs LEAN

• Lifters who desire a stimulant-free pre-workout.
• Individuals who need further nutritional vitamins, minerals, or dietary supplements like creatine of their pre-workout. 

Clear Labs LEAN has a superb fame in the marketplace — it’s tasty, and it might probably assist perk you as much as have a strong exercise. And in the event you’re seeking to lose physique fats, this choose might assist velocity up the method due to its acetyl l-carnitine HCI.

Greatest Pre-Exercise for Girls

Though most pre-workouts aren’t particularly designed for ladies (and we consider males, ladies and non-binary folks alike can devour them), Kaged Pre-Kaged has some probably helpful components which will help ladies’s intense coaching classes and help in enhancing your exercises.

Kaged Pre-Kaged Pre-Exercise

This pre-workout incorporates a number of the basic pre-workout components (like citrulline, taurine, beta-alanine, and tyrosine) mixed with extra distinctive components (like creatine and antioxidants from greens). The addition of 1,600mg of beta-alanine could also be useful for ladies particularly in decreasing the notion of exertion throughout exercises and subsequently, extending their coaching classes to permit for longer and harder exercises. (5) 

Kaged Pre-Kaged Pre-Exercise

This pre-workout complement is available in a 20-serving tub and offers L-Citrulline, L-Leucine, and L-Valine, to call a number of, per 20-calorie scoop. There are seven flavors accessible together with Grape, Fruit Punch, and Krisp Apple.

Pre-Kaged Pre-Exercise is available in Orange Krush, Berry Blast, Pink Lemonade, Fruit Punch, Krisp Apple, Cherry Bomb, and Grape flavors — all of that are scrumptious choices on their very own or to stack with different dietary supplements in your lineup. The worth is pretty excessive at virtually $2.25 per serving, however the components renders it to be extra affordable primarily based on its top quality, dosages, and prolonged ingredient listing. For those who’re seeking to optimize your coaching within the health club whereas additionally supporting your health club habits as a girl, we predict Pre-Kaged is a strong pre-workout for you.

Who Ought to Purchase Kaged Pre-Kaged Pre-Exercise

• Girls who need to probably help their productiveness within the health club to cut back perceived exertion and practice for longer durations of time will benefit from the 1,600mg of beta-alanine current on this components.
• For those who’re on the lookout for a prolonged ingredient listing that’s totally formulated with excessive doses, you’ll love this ingredient listing. 
• Those that need quite a lot of flavors to select from will probably be stoked that Kaged Pre-Kaged provides seven scrumptious flavors.

Who Shouldn’t Purchase Kaged Pre-Kaged Pre-Exercise

• If you need extra components particularly geared towards ladies’s well being it’s possible you’ll need to attempt a pre-workout specifically designed for women.
• Those that need an unflavored choice for a pre-workout must look elsewhere.
• Athletes who don’t need to pay near $2.25 per serving can discover a cheaper choice on our listing. 

For those who’re on the lookout for a thoughtfully formulated pre-workout that incorporates the main components, like citrulline, taurine, and tyrosine, this product has you lined. However in the event you additionally need to optimize some components (akin to beta-alanine) which may be useful for ladies throughout robust endurance exercises, Kaged Pre-Kaged Pre-Exercise could also be an much more helpful pre-workout for you as a feminine. 

When Ought to I Take Pre-Exercise?

Because the title implies, you need to take your pre-workout earlier than you practice. The final rule is to combine the powder (in the event you’re taking a powder, not a capsule) in 4 to eight ounces of water and ingest it 20 to half-hour earlier than coaching. This period of time can enable the components — like caffeine, beta-alanine, and taurine — to soak up and begin taking impact.

For those who practice at night time, it’s possible you’ll need to keep away from caffeinated pre-workouts. A few of these supps include 150mg minimal of caffeine, with sure merchandise packing 250mg or extra. After all, the selection is yours, however you’ll threat disrupting your sleep. Night time owls might need to go for a stim-free pre-workout.

How A lot Do Pre-Exercises Value?

The worth of pre-workout varies, although not considerably, based totally on a) the components used, and b) the doses of these components. Merchandise that prioritize clear dosing — that means the components aren’t wrapped up in obscure blends — are sometimes going to be pricier. The reason is that you just’re truly getting that ingredient, and also you’re getting it in a comparatively full dose.

These days, most manufacturers provide the full scoop on dosing. The variety of components additionally impacts the worth. A product that has creatine along with primary pre-workout components, for instance, will virtually at all times carry a better price ticket. Dietary supplements with added nutritional vitamins and vitamins additionally jack up the worth a bit.

That mentioned: You have to know what you need out of your pre-workout. For those who’re on the lookout for a bit vitality, then a primary choose with ample caffeine will do the job (and doubtless for much less cash). If you need the complete equipment — pumps, vitality, focus, and hydrating minerals — then know you’ll shell out extra.

When contemplating the worth of pre-workouts you’ll need to have a look at the worth of the container in unison with the variety of servings you’re getting, moderately than simply the worth of the container as a complete. The pre-workouts on this listing vary from round $1.43 per serving to as excessive as about $3.00 per serving. On common you possibly can anticipate to pay $2.05 per serving.

The Advantages of Pre-Exercises

The very first thing folks are inclined to affiliate with pre-workouts is their potential stimulative results, which might have an effect on nearly each a part of a exercise. Clearly, caffeine (usually the first ingredient in pre-workouts) is named a stimulant, however it’s also linked to higher energy, endurance, perceived exertion, and even cognition. (6)(7)(8) For instance, a randomized, double-blind research revealed in Drugs & Science in Sports activities & Train discovered that when in comparison with a placebo, 10 athletes improved their velocity, response time, motion time, and decision-making time when supplementing with caffeine. (9)

For reference, a small cup of espresso has about 100 milligrams of caffeine, and pre-workouts vary from 80 to as a lot as 350 milligrams per serving.

However once more, a pre-workout complement isn’t simply caffeine (although, some folks just do take caffeine earlier than a exercise). Some pre-workouts are formulated with out it. The commonest additions embrace beta-alanine for endurance, citrulline for blood stream, betaine for power, and tyrosine for focus. All these components can provide you an additional increase that may assist you get essentially the most out of your coaching.

These components have comparatively strong analysis behind them. For instance, a vastly common meta-analysis revealed in Amino Acids of 15 research discovered that beta-alanine reliably will increase muscular endurance. (10)(11) With regard to betaine, two research revealed within the Journal of the Worldwide Society of Sports activities Vitamin have proven vital energy will increase within the again squat amongst males who took 1.25 grams of it twice a day for 2 weeks. (12)(13)

Loads of pre-workouts include uncommon plant components — like toothed clubmoss or hawthorn berry — which don’t have essentially the most convincing physique of proof supporting their talents to enhance efficiency.

When judging the effectiveness of a pre-workout, we didn’t disqualify something that had a questionable ingredient. Reasonably, we appeared on the total affect of the product. Even when a product incorporates a few not-so-science-backed inclusions, we nonetheless take into account it respected if there are sufficient high quality, well-dosed components.

How We Picked the Greatest Pre-Exercises

We tried quite a lot of pre-workouts (and hit a lot of PRs) earlier than touchdown on this listing. Listed here are the factors we checked out. Word that these aren’t essentially deal-breakers — some merchandise are on the expensive aspect, for instance, however the ingredient listing justifies it. 

Worth

Most pre-workouts value between $1.00 and $2.00 per serving. Loads are dearer, and often, the worth is justified, however over a greenback per serving counts as “you must know that is expensive” territory.

Transparency

A substantial variety of pre-workouts include proprietary blends — you understand the components however not the quantities which might be offered. Meaning you received’t know precisely what’s efficient and what’s not. Now, legally, they need to order the elements by weight, so you possibly can often get a good guess on the dose, and proprietary blends are so outstanding within the trade that we didn’t outright disqualify a product that has one — nevertheless it positively loses factors for lack of transparency. We additionally selected some merchandise for this listing particularly due to their transparency.

Dosage

On a associated be aware, scores of pre-workouts take research-backed components however don’t use research-backed doses. For instance, citrulline must be 5 grams or extra. We all know the analysis back and front, so we are able to assess how efficient a dose is. (Word that generally, as is the case with tyrosine, we don’t actually know the minimal dosage, however we are able to make an informed guess.) For essentially the most half, we have now solely included picks on this listing that include the correct dosage for his or her components.

Testing

Some corporations will make use of a 3rd social gathering, like Knowledgeable Selection, Knowledgeable Sport, or NSF, to check their merchandise (or their facility) for substances within the World Anti-Doping Company. Many athletes will solely take third-party examined merchandise, significantly since questionable pre-workouts will be the ones that produce positive results.

What Components Are In Your Pre-Exercise Complement?

Not all pre-workout components are helpful. Right here’s a rundown of the components that you just’ll often discover and truly need in your pre-workout.

Caffeine

Caffeine is related to alertness, endurance, energy output, power, and perceived exertion. The FDA places one small cup of espresso at 100 milligrams of caffeine, whereas a tall (355ml) espresso from Starbucks has about 235 milligrams. Pre-workouts sometimes include anyplace from 80 to 350mg of caffeine.

Citrulline

Analysis means that 5 or so grams of citrulline, an amino acid that’s excessive in watermelons, might assist with circulation and thereby enhance most areas of efficiency, from endurance to energy output. (16)

Beta-Alanine

Beta-alanine is linked to improved endurance, each in cardio-focused exercises and strength training with higher reps (as in over eight per set). As a result of it permits you to endure extra, it might assist with hypertrophy. The usual dose is 1.6 to three.2 grams. (15)

Betaine Anhydrous

Present in beets and leafy greens, betaine is greatest identified for hyperlinks to energy output and muscular endurance, nevertheless it may additionally barely lower post-exercise cortisol, which might truly be useful in your physique’s response to emphasize. (17) 

Creatine

The very best-researched ergogenic help moreover caffeine, creatine helps energy output, anaerobic capability, and fatigue, all whereas rising muscle dimension by drawing extra water into them. It doesn’t need to be taken with pre-workout, it’s an anytime complement — the purpose is to extend the creatine in your muscle tissue over time, moderately than loading creatine rapidly. The dose is 5 to 10 grams a day, and in the event you’re constant, you’ll see the perfect outcomes. (14)

Taurine

When paired with caffeine, taurine might assist with enhancing focus. Since it would draw water into cells, it might improve restoration and muscle cramps, as properly. The dose is one to 2 grams. (18)

Tyrosine

Additionally used for “focus,” information suggests tyrosine can cut back stress throughout, significantly acute stress — like train — by serving to you produce adrenaline and dopamine. Analysis has solely been carried out on folks taking at the least 5 grams, and a minimal efficient dose hasn’t been established, however search for at the least 500 milligrams. (19)

What to Think about Earlier than Shopping for A Pre-Exercise

These types of merchandise could make some of us a bit involved about uncomfortable side effects and unintended penalties. They’re authorized, so the potential for injury is low, however there are some issues value maintaining in thoughts.

Caffeine Is a Drug

Caffeine is a actual drug. It might probably cause anxiety, diarrhea, and possibly even non permanent hypertension. Caffeine isn’t inherently dangerous for you. Reasonably, everybody has a unique tolerance for caffeine. Caffeine could make it more durable for the nervous system to chill out or enter a parasympathetic state conducive to restoration. It’s not a nasty thought to take every week off from caffeine each couple of months to maintain you from increase too robust a tolerance for it.

Beta-Alanine Has a Stunning Facet Impact

Maybe the most typical pre-workout ingredient that isn’t caffeine (or flavoring), beta-alanine sometimes causes paresthesia, a “tingling” sensation on the pores and skin. It’s non permanent and innocent, and whereas some love the sensation of the ingredient “kicking in,” not everybody likes it.

Not All Pre-Exercise Components Must Be Pre-Exercise

Creatine and beta-alanine don’t need to be taken proper earlier than a exercise. For those who take them daily, they’ll imbue you with their advantages whatever the time of day you’re taking them.

One of many Greatest Pre-Exercises Is Carbohydrates

It’s not horny, nevertheless it’s fairly robust to have a terrific exercise without plenty of carbs in your system. A balanced meal of protein and carbs a few hours earlier than a exercise can do wonders for efficiency. (20)

Bear in mind the Dosage

We’ve already famous the best-supported dosages within the earlier part, “What’s In Your Pre-Exercise?” Many merchandise will discuss an enormous sport about how well-supported their components are, however then use low dosages. (That is particularly frequent with citrulline and tyrosine.) It’s good to have a look at the analysis earlier than you make a purchase order.

Chat with a Physician

Particularly when you have any pre-existing circumstances, however even in the event you don’t, communicate with a doctor earlier than making adjustments to your weight loss program or complement routine.

The Scoop on Dry Scooping

Social media stars on platforms like TikTok and Instagram have began a development generally known as dry-scooping — the place you scoop pre-workout powder straight into your mouth. That is ill-advised and harmful. 

Many pre-workouts have tons of of milligrams of caffeine in them, and diluting that powder into water permits your physique extra time to soak up and course of it. In any other case, you threat absorbing an excessive amount of caffeine too rapidly, which might result in jitters, an upset abdomen, an elevated coronary heart price, and, in excessive instances, caffeine poisoning. One lady who dry-scooped suffered a heart attack. 

It’s also possible to choke on the powder. There’s a cause the instructions on pre-workout powders inform you to combine it with water into your favourite shaker bottle. (21) 

Last Phrase

For those who’re engaged in sport, dietary supplements (like pre-workouts) will be tremendous useful. They will enhance the quantity of vitality you could have and the effectiveness of the train. We’ve tried dozens of pre-workouts to land on this listing of the perfect pre-workout dietary supplements in the marketplace for nearly any athlete, whether or not you’re keen on or hate caffeine, need to enhance your run time, or simply get a greater pump.

We appeared on the worth, style, components, and effectiveness of each considered one of these dietary supplements. Whereas loads of folks have totally different concepts about what constitutes a “top quality” pre-workout, we predict we’ve put collectively an incredible information to selecting the perfect pre-workout dietary supplements for quite a lot of health objectives. 

FAQs

References

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2. Ostojic SM, Stajer V, Vranes M, Ostojic J. Looking for a greater formulation to boost muscle bioenergetics: A randomized managed trial of creatine nitrate plus creatinine vs. creatine nitrate vs. creatine monohydrate in wholesome males. Meals Sci Nutr. 2019 Oct 3;7(11):3766-3773. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.1237. PMID: 31763026; PMCID: PMC6848817.
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13. Hoffman JR, Ratamess NA, Kang J, Rashti SL, Faigenbaum AD. Impact of betaine supplementation on energy efficiency and fatigue. J Int Soc Sports activities Nutr. 2009 Feb 27;6:7. doi: 10.1186/1550-2783-6-7. PMID: 19250531; PMCID: PMC2651845.
14. Gann JJ, McKinley-Barnard SK, Andre TL, Schoch RD, Willoughby DS. Results of a traditionally-dosed creatine supplementation protocol and resistance coaching on the skeletal muscle uptake and whole-body metabolism and retention of creatine in males. J Int Soc Sports activities Nutr. 2015 Sep 21;12(Suppl 1):P2. doi: 10.1186/1550-2783-12-S1-P2. PMCID: PMC4594933.
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18. McLeay Y, Stannard S, Barnes M. The Impact of Taurine on the Restoration from Eccentric Train-Induced Muscle Injury in Males. Antioxidants (Basel). 2017 Oct 17;6(4):79. doi: 10.3390/antiox6040079. PMID: 29039798; PMCID: PMC5745489.
19.  Jongkees BJ, Hommel B, Kühn S, Colzato LS. Impact of tyrosine supplementation on medical and wholesome populations below stress or cognitive calls for–A overview. J Psychiatr Res. 2015 Nov;70:50-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.08.014. Epub 2015 Aug 25. PMID: 26424423.
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21. Dry scooping will be life-threatening. Get Poison Management Assist On-line or Name 1-800-222-1222. (n.d.). Retrieved September 21, 2021, from https://www.poison.org/articles/dry-scooping-can-be-life-threatening.